In the realm of wastewater treatment, hollow fiber membranes have emerged as a prominent solution due to their outstanding performance. These versatile membranes, characterized by their dense array of thin fibers, offer a large interaction area for biological reactions. The unique morphology of hollow fiber membranes enhances efficient flow of subs

Membrane Aerated Bioreactors (MABRs) are a sophisticated approach for treating wastewater. Unlike traditional bioreactors, MABRs employ a unique combination of aerated membranes and enzymatic processes to achieve high treatment efficiency. Within an MABR system, gas is transferred directly through the membranes that house a dense population of micr